The Ontime Ontology
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The Ontime Ontology

Release: "15 April, 2026"

Modified on: "15 April, 2026"
This version:
https://w3id.org/ontime#
Previous version:
https://w3id.org/ontime#
Revision:
v1.0.0
Issued on:
Date issued
Authors:
Jyrki Oraskari, Chair of Individualized Production, RWTH Aachen University
Jan Luca Fahrendholz-Heiermann, Chair of Individualized Production, RWTH Aachen University
Contributors:
Jyrki Oraskari
Jan Luca Fahrendholz-Heiermann
Sigrid Brell-Cokcan
Publisher:
RWTH Aachen University
Imported Ontologies:
none
Extended Ontologies:
none
Funder:
The Federal Ministry of Transport (BMV)
Funding:
funding number 01F1219A
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ License
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Oraskari, J., Fahrendholz-Heiermann, J. L., & Brell-Cokcan, S. (2026). The Ontime Ontology (Version 1.0.1). Chair of Individualized Production, RWTH Aachen University. https://w3id.org/ontime#
Incompatible with:
""
Provenance of this page
Ontology Specification Draft

Abstract

The Ontology for Open Mobility Data provides a structured framework to link external mobility datasets with Just-in-Time (JIT) construction logistics concepts. Its goal is to achieve semantic alignment between diverse open mobility sources and lean construction needs. Rather than modeling internal construction processes, it maps external data—such as traffic, transport, and mobility information—to relevant JIT concepts. By defining shared semantics, the ontology enables interoperability and data reuse. It is built on a manually curated baseline and refined using large language model (LLM) embeddings to cluster domain terms, define scope, identify datasets, and suggest reusable components.

Introduction back to ToC

The Ontology for Open Mobility Data offers a structured semantic framework for representing external mobility datasets and connecting them to Just-in-Time (JIT) construction logistics concepts. Its main goal is to facilitate semantic alignment between diverse open mobility data sources and the internal logistics needs of lean construction workflows. Instead of modeling the internal construction domain itself, the ontology concentrates on mapping external data sources—such as traffic, transport, and mobility information—to relevant JIT logistics concepts. By establishing shared semantics, it promotes data interoperability and reuse, enabling construction stakeholders to incorporate real-time mobility information into operational decision-making. This approach is especially useful in scenarios where route restrictions, traffic conditions, and external events impact construction logistics. The ontology is built from a manually curated baseline and enhanced through large language model (LLM) embeddings. These embeddings help cluster domain terms, analyze scope, identify relevant datasets, and suggest reusable ontology components. This hybrid method combines expert-driven structure with AI-supported scalability.

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
dc<http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
km4city<http://www.disit.org/km4city/schema#>
mod<https://w3id.org/mod#>
ontime<https://w3id.org/ontime#>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
schema<https://schema.org/>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>

The Ontime Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

The Ontime Ontology: Description back to ToC

This is a placeholder text for the description of your ontology. The description should include an explanation and a diagram explaining how the classes are related, examples of usage, etc.

Cross-reference for The Ontime Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by The Ontime Ontology.

Classes

Deliveryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Delivery

has super-classes
Move Action c
is in domain of
has element op, has planned schedule op, has resource op

Delivery Planc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#DeliveryPlan

is in domain of
has planned route op, has schedule op
is in range of
has planned schedule op

Elementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Element

is in range of
has element op

Lanec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Lane

has super-classes
Road c
has sub-classes
Route Segment c

Locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Location

is in domain of
has prediction op
is in range of
has location op

Motor Wayc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#MotorWay

has super-classes
Road c

Move Actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/MoveAction

has sub-classes
Delivery c

Roadc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.disit.org/km4city/schema#Road

has sub-classes
Lane c, Motor Way c
is in range of
is part of op

Road Closurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#RoadClosure

has super-classes
Traffic Condition Prediction c

Route Pointc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#RoutePoint

is in domain of
has location op, has next op
is in range of
has end op, has next op, has start op

Route Segmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#RouteSegment

has super-classes
Lane c
is in domain of
has end op, has next op, has start op, has time window op, is part of op
is in range of
has end op, has next op, has start op

Schedulec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Schedule

is in domain of
has delivery time window op
is in range of
has schedule op

Time Windowc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#TimeWindow

is in range of
has delivery time window op, has time window op

Traffic Condition Observationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#TrafficConditionObservation

has sub-classes
Traffic_flow c

Traffic Condition Predictionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#TrafficConditionPrediction

has sub-classes
Road Closure c, Traffic Disruption c
is in range of
has prediction op

Traffic Disruptionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#TrafficDisruption

has super-classes
Traffic Condition Prediction c
is in domain of
predicted by op

Traffic_flowc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.disit.org/km4city/schema#Traffic_flow

has super-classes
Traffic Condition Observation c

Transport Routec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#TransportRoute

is in domain of
has end op, has start op
is in range of
has planned route op

Truckc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Truck

is in range of
has resource op

Weather Datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#WeatherData

is in range of
predicted by op

Object Properties

has delivery time windowop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasDeliveryTimeWindow

has domain
Schedule c
has range
Time Window c

has elementop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasElement

has domain
Delivery c
has range
Element c

has endop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasEnd

has domain
Route Segment c
Transport Route c
has range
Route Point c
Route Segment c

has locationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasLocation

has domain
Route Point c
has range
Location c

has nextop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasNext

has domain
Route Point c
Route Segment c
has range
Route Point c
Route Segment c

has planned routeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasPlannedRoute

has domain
Delivery Plan c
has range
Transport Route c

has planned scheduleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasPlannedSchedule

has domain
Delivery c
has range
Delivery Plan c

has predictionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasPrediction

has domain
Location c
has range
Traffic Condition Prediction c

has resourceop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasResource

has domain
Delivery c
has range
Truck c

has scheduleop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasSchedule

has domain
Delivery Plan c
has range
Schedule c

has startop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasStart

has domain
Route Segment c
Transport Route c
has range
Route Point c
Route Segment c

has time windowop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#hasTimeWindow

has domain
Route Segment c
has range
Time Window c

is part ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#isPartOf

has domain
Route Segment c
has range
Road c

predicted byop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#predictedBy

has domain
Traffic Disruption c
has range
Weather Data c

Data Properties

end timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#EndTime

pricedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/price

price currencydp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://schema.org/priceCurrency

start timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#StartTime

timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: https://w3id.org/ontime#Time

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.
null

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.